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Characterization of sleep apnea among a sample of adults from Samoa

Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: ABSTRACT Sleep apnea is a public health concern around the world, but little research has been dedicated to examining this issue in low- and middle-income countries, including Samoa. Using data collected through the Soifua Manuia (“Good Health”) study, which aimed to investigate the impact of the body mass index (BMI)-associated genetic variant rs373863828 in CREB3 Regulatory Factor ( CREBRF ) on metabolic traits in Samoan adults, we examined the sample prevalence and characteristics of sleep apnea using data collected with a validated home sleep apnea device (WatchPAT, Itamar). A total of 330 participants (sampled to overrepresent the obesity-risk allele of interest) had sleep data available. Participants (53.3% female) had a mean (SD) age of 52.0 (9.9) years and BMI of 35.5 (7.5) kg/m 2 and 36.3% of the sample had type 2 diabetes. Based on the 3% and 4% apnea hypopnea indices (AHI) and the 4% oxygen desaturation index (ODI), descriptive analyses revealed that many participants had potentially actionable sleep apnea defined as >5 events/hr (87.9%, 68.5%, and 71.2%, respectively) or clinically actionable sleep apnea defined as ≥15 events/hr (54.9%, 31.5%, and 34.5%, respectively). Sleep apnea was more severe in men; for example, clinically actionable sleep apnea (≥15) based on the AHI 3% definition was observed in 61.7% of men and 48.9% of women. Correction for non-representational sampling related to the CREBRF obesity-risk allele resulted in only slightly lower estimates. Across the AHI 3%, AHI 4%, and ODI 4%, multiple linear regression revealed associations between a greater number of events/hr and higher age, male sex, higher body mass index, higher abdominal-hip circumference ratio, and geographic region of residence. Our study identified a much higher frequency of sleep apnea in Samoa compared with published data from other studies, but similar predictors. Continued research addressing generalizability of these findings, as well as a specific focus on diagnosis and affordable and equitable access to treatment, is needed to alleviate the burden of sleep apnea in Samoa and around the world.
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepe.2024.100099
Authors: Lacey W. Heinsberg, Alysa Pomer, Brian E. Cade, Jenna C. Carlson, Take Naseri, Muagututia Sefuiva Reupena, Satupa'itea Viali, Daniel E. Weeks, Stephen T. McGarvey, Susan Redline, Nicola L. Hawley
Institutions: University of Pittsburgh, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, National University of Samoa, Brown University, Yale University
Language: English
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,500
Funders: Massachusetts General Hospital, Yale University, University of Pittsburgh, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G1044130170, G1494941668, G1592124761, Biobehavioral and Environmental Contributions to Metabolomic Profiles and Early Life Body Composition, Phenotypic and Molecular Signatures for Sleep Apnea and Related Morbidities, G403723077, G4234662741, G4624241867, G66302937, G9000006661, G9000062616, Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award, CREBRF Genomics, Gestational Diabetes, and Early Life Body Size in American Samoa
OpenAlex ID: W4402973147
FWCI: 0.706
Cites: 39
Cited by: 3
Related to: 10