Biomarker trajectory for earlier detection of lung cancer
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Background To determine whether an algorithm based on repeated measurements of a panel of four circulating protein biomarkers (4 MP) for lung cancer risk assessment results in improved performance over a single time measurement. Methods We conducted data analysis of the 4 MP consisting of the precursor form of surfactant protein B, cancer antigen 125, carcinoembryonic antigen, and cytokeratin-19 fragment in pre-diagnostic sera from 2483 ever-smoker participants (389 cases and 2094 randomly selected non-cases) in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian (PLCO) Study who had at least two sequential blood collections over 6 years. A parametric empirical Bayes (PEB) algorithm, which incorporates participant biomarker history at each time point, was compared to a single-threshold (ST) method. Findings Among ever-smoker participants, the PEB approach yielded an additional 4% improvement in the AUC compared to the ST approach ( P-value : 0.009). When considering an ≥10 PY smoking history and at a fixing the specificity corresponding to 1% 6-year lung cancer risk, PEB resulted in significant improvement in the sensitivity (Sen PEB :96.3% vs Sen ST :91.0%; P-value : 6.7e-3). The PEB algorithm identified 17 of the 35 cases that remained ST negative, at an average of 1.26 years before diagnosis. Ten case individuals who were positive based on ST at an average of 1.03 years prior to diagnosis were identified earlier by PEB, at an average of 2.70 years. Interpretation An algorithm based on repeated measurements of the 4 MP improves sensitivity and results in an earlier detection of lung cancer compared to a single-threshold method. Funding This study was supported by NIH Grant Nos. U01CA271888, U01CA194733, U01CA213285, NCI EDRN U01 CA200468, P30CA016672, and U24CA086368; the Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas RP180505 and RP160693; the SPORE P50CA140388; the CCTS TR000371; and the generous philanthropic contributions to The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Moon Shots Program and the Lyda Hill Foundation.
Source: EBioMedicine
Authors: Ehsan Irajizad, Johannes F. Fahrmann, Iakovos Toumazis, Jody Vykoukal, Jennifer B. Dennison, Yu Shen, Kim-Anh Do, Edwin J. Ostrin, Ziding Feng, Samir Hanash
Language: English
Topic: Lung Cancer Research Studies
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $5,000
Funders: Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas, Lyda Hill Foundation, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, National Institutes of Health, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, National Cancer Institute, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Awards: G1021777872, Circulating Exosomes as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Early Detection, G111615301, G1253521569, G1582743944, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), MD Anderson Cancer Center Prostate Cancer SPORE, G293715275, G3929693838, G4276892241, G5014124621, Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Immunosuppressed Microenvironment, G5413227833, G580208524, G6408054861, Development of Risk and Early Detection Biomarker for Small Cell Lung Cancer, G8791163603, G9000021842, G9000034222, G9000087095, G9000188692, G9000304587, G9000315460, G9000348896, The Early Detection Research Network: Data Management and Coordinating Center
OpenAlex ID: W4402988722