Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Objective To describe a large single-center cohort of children with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) since the clinical availability of the MOG antibody cell-based assay. Background MOGAD is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with various phenotypes, with a predilection towards pediatric patients. Design/Methods Retrospective chart review was performed on patients that underwent MOG antibody testing from 2018 to present. Clinical and demographic data were collected. Results 113 patients with a diagnosis of MOGAD were identified. Median age at presentation was 8.89 years (2-18 years). Fifty-eight patients (53%) were female. Majority of patients identified as white Hispanic (54%), white non-Hispanic (26%), or black (9%) with the remainder being Asian/Pacific Islander. Predominant clinical phenotypes included acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (44%), optic neuritis (36%), encephalitis (12%), and other demyelinating disease (8%). In follow up to date, 39% of patients have experienced clinical relapse; 23 patients having had an isolated relapse, while 10 had numerous clinical relapses. Average time to relapse is 15.8 months, with 70% of relapses occurring within 6 months of initial presentation. Currently, the longest duration from initial presentation to clinical relapse is 6.8 years. An additional 5 patients were found to have positive MOG cell-based assay but ultimately received alternative diagnoses. Conclusions Here we present a large single-center cohort of pediatric MOGAD. This adds to the current existing literature of pediatric MOGAD and highlights the need for further longitudinal follow-up to better characterize outcomes of MOGAD, including relapse risks which may help further guide decision making in treatment. Additionally, given phenotypic variability, there is need for future multi-center collaboration in the development of registries or natural history studies for large scale data collection.
Source: Neurology
Authors: Karla Salazar, Jonathan Yarimi, Kristen Fisher
Language: English
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funder: National Institutes of Health
OpenAlex ID: W4403206958