Work

Relationship between environmental PM2.5 exposure in early pregnancy and thyroid hormone levels in pregnant women

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: To investigate a potential association between exposure to different concentrations of environmental fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) during early pregnancy and maternal thyroid hormone levels. The Midong District of Urumqi City was selected as the site for PM 2.5 exposure, while Bole City served as the non-exposed group. Participants were women volunteers enrolled before the 28th week of gestation. Basic data were collected, and levels of FT3, FT4, TSH, and urinary iodine were measured. Generalized linear models were used to investigate associations between different environmental exposures to PM 2.5 and maternal thyroid hormone levels in early pregnancy. A restricted cubic spline was employed to examine exposure-response relationships between PM 2.5 pollution and maternal thyroid hormone levels. The mean daily indoor, outdoor, and multi-environmental PM 2.5 exposure of pregnant women in early pregnancy was significantly different between the two sites ( p < 0.05). The average daily exposure concentrations of PM 2.5 in different environments during the first weeks of pregnancy in the two regions were negatively correlated with maternal levels of FT3 and FT4. The risk of abnormal thyroid hormone levels was higher in pregnant women living in the Midong District compared to those from Bole City. PM 2.5 exposure during early pregnancy was associated with decreased maternal levels of FT3 and FT4. The adverse health effects of exposure to PM 2.5 during early pregnancy on both pregnant women and their offspring should be continually emphasized. • Early pregnancy PM 2.5 exposure is associated with altered thyroid hormone levels in pregnant women. • Early pregnancy PM 2.5 exposure may reduce FT3 and FT4 in pregnant women. • Pregnant women in areas with high PM 2.5 levels are at higher risk of abnormal thyroid hormone levels.

Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117182