Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Importance: Ovarian cancer survival among Black women is the lowest across all racial and ethnic groups. Poor dietary quality also disproportionately affects Black populations, but its association with ovarian cancer survival in this population remains largely unknown. Objective: To examine associations between dietary patterns and survival among Black women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study was conducted among self-identified Black women aged 20 to 79 years newly diagnosed with histologically confirmed EOC in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES) between December 2010 and December 2015, with follow-up until October 2022. AACES is a population-based study of ovarian cancer risk and survival among Black women in 11 US regions. Data were analyzed from March 2023 to June 2024. Exposures: Dietary patterns were assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), with scores calculated based on dietary intake in the year prior to diagnosis and collected via the validated Block 2005 Food Frequency Questionnaire. Higher scores indicate better dietary quality. Main outcomes and measures: Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated from multivariable Cox models for the association between adherence to dietary recommendations and overall mortality among all participants and those with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Results: Among 483 Black women with EOC (mean [SD] age, 58.1 [10.5] years), 310 deaths were recorded during a median (IQR) follow-up of 4.3 (2.0-8.2) years. No association of dietary patterns with mortality was found among women with EOC overall. However, among 325 women with HGSOC, better adherence to HEI-2020 was associated with decreased mortality in later quartiles compared with the first quartile (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44-0.92 for quartile 2; HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.46-0.97 for quartile 3; HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44-0.91 for quartile 4 ). Similar results were observed with AHEI-2010 among women with HGSOC for the second (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.89) and fourth (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45-0.98) quartiles compared with quartile 1. Conclusions and relevance: In this study, women with moderate and high prediagnosis dietary quality had significantly lower mortality rates from HGSOC compared with women with the lowest prediagnosis dietary quality. These findings suggest that even moderate adherence to dietary guidelines prior to diagnosis may be associated with improved survival among Black women with HGSOC, the most lethal form of ovarian cancer.
Source: JAMA Network Open
Authors: Tsion A. Armidie, Elisa V. Bandera, Courtney E. Johnson, Lauren C. Peres, Kristin Haller, Paul Terry, Maxwell Akonde, Edward S. Peters, Michele L. Cote, Theresa A. Hastert, Lindsay J. Collin, Michael Epstein, Jeffrey Marks, Melissa Bondy, Andrew B. Lawson, Anthony J. Alberg, Joellen M. Schildkraut, Bo Qin
Institutions: Emory University, Rutgers Cancer Institute, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of Tennessee Medical Center, University of South Carolina, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Indiana University Health, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wayne State University, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Duke University, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Medical University of South Carolina, University of Edinburgh
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,000
Awards: G148520442, G1807312303, G362094, G3699908246, G375300792, G4221387044, G4533551983, G4551976579, G5719252827, Ovarian Cancer Survival in African-American Women, G8135003176, Epidemiology of Ovarian Cancer in African-American Women, Cancer Center Support Grant, Moffitt Cancer Center Support Grant, CANCER CENTER SUPPORT GRANT, Rutgers Center for Environmental Exposure and Disease (CEED), G979940031
OpenAlex ID: W4403519609