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An in vitro study of irrigation rate, operator duty cycle and intrarenal temperature in superpulse fiber thulium laser lithotripsy

Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to examine the relationship between irrigation velocity, operator duty cycle (ODC), and intrarenal temperature during retrograde intrarenal surgery with a superpulse fiber thulium laser. METHODS: Place the stones into the fresh isolated porcine kidneys, use puncture needle to place the temperature probe 2 mm around the stones, and place the pressure probes in the upper calyx, lower calyx, and renal pelvis. Place the entire setup in a 37 °C constant temperature water bath to simulate the human body environment. The laser power varies between 10 and 30 W, and the irrigation speed is 10-30 ml/min. Additionally, at a laser power of 20 W and an irrigation speed of 10 ml/min, different On-Duty Cycles (ODC) are set. Monitor the changes in temperature and pressure. RESULTS: A direct proportionality of temperature in the kidney to the rate of irrigation has been reported between 10 W and 30 W laser powers. The percentage ratio of the rate of irrigation and power in the laser is 1:1, which can keep the temperature in the kidney at a safe level. At a laser power of 20 W and irrigation of 10 ml/min, the temperature inside the kidney increases sharply with the increase in ODC. By decreasing the ratio of ODC, the increase of temperature inside the kidney can be brought to a great reduction. CONCLUSION: Maintaining a 1:1 ratio between laser power and irrigation speed can effectively prevent thermal damage or injury to kidney tissue.Additionally, by adjusting the On-Duty Cycle (ODC) ratio, the intrarenal temperature can also be reduced.
DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-05289-3
Authors: Tianfu Ding, Zheng Xu, Zhongyue Huang, Bo Xiao, Weiguo Hu, Jianxing Li
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,390
OpenAlex ID: W4403693400
FWCI: 1.014
Cites: 13
Cited by: 4
Related to: 10