Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The state of Aguascalientes has the highest prevalence of kidney failure in young adults globally. A low nephron endowment has been suggested as a possible aetiology. This study aims to evaluate the association between exposure to xenobiotics and low kidney volume (KV) at birth. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study of at-term pregnant women with no comorbidities. We collected the mother's urine (MU) and amniotic fluid (AF) and the neonate's urine (NU). Metals and non-metals were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, pesticides with high-performance liquid chromatography and fluoride with ion-selective potentiometry. The total KV adjusted by body surface area (TKVBS) was calculated based on the kidney ultrasound. RESULTS: Between March 2022 and July 2023, we included 299 women with an average age of 24.2 years [standard deviation (SD) 5.1]. A total of 54.2% of neonates were male with an average weight of 3266 g (SD 399). Factors associated with TKVBS ≤5th percentile were female sex, weight gain during pregnancy, glomerular filtration rate, methomyl concentration in AF {odds ratio [OR] 7.41 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.31-23.8], P = .001}, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D) >10 ng/ml in AF [OR 4.99 (95% CI 1.58-15.7), P = .002], MU [OR 6.1 (95% CI 1.9-19.7), P = 0.002] and NU [OR 5.1 (95% CI 1.10-26.2), P = .023] and fluoride in MU [OR 5.1 (95% CI 1.10-23.5), P = .010] and AF [OR 6.76 (95% CI 1.28-35.7), P = .024]. In all matrices (MU, AF and NU), exposure to pesticides was also significantly associated with greater concentrations of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate and magnesium) and trace elements (zinc and iron). CONCLUSIONS: In neonates born to at-term women with no comorbidities, the presence of pesticides and fluoride was associated with low KV. The significant loss of electrolytes and trace elements associated with pesticides suggests proximal tubulopathy.
DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfae238
Authors: Katy Valeria De Santiago-Rodríguez, Alejandro Aarón Peregrina-Lucano, Fernando Jaramillo-Arriaga, Emmanuel Oziel Helguera-Gomez, Daniel Ibarra-Orenday, Salomón Israel González-Domínguez, Elizabeth Ramirez Sandoval, Emmanuel Salomon Macias Duron, Eduardo Alfredo Enriquez Muñoz, Juan Fernando Hernandez Rocha, Julio Cesar Rangel Talamantes, Tayde Selene Martinez Medina, Octavio Daniel Reyes Gonzalez, Myriam del Carmen Corrales-Aguirre, María del Rosario Sánchez-Ortiz, Omar Oswaldo Camarillo-Contreras, Alfredo Chew-Wong, Carmen Lucrecia Ramos-Medellín, Leslie Paola Zuñiga-Macias, Oscar Abraham Flores Amaro, Laura Yamamoto Flores, Alma Lilian Guerrero Barrera, Francisco Javier Avelar-González, José Manuel Arreola-Guerra
Language: English
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4403745618