Advancements in Inverse-Electron-Demand Diels–Alder Cycloaddition of 2-Pyrones: Mechanisms, Methodologies
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: The Diels-Alder (DA) cycloaddition is well-known for its effectiveness in synthesizing natural products and multifunctional materials. This article specifically explores the inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) cycloaddition involving 2-pyrones, which display ambiphilic properties due to their unique electronic characteristics. We investigate the mechanisms underlying IEDDA, with a focus on how electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents influence reactivity and product selectivity. Various methodologies are reviewed, encompassing non-catalytic and catalytic approaches. Special attention is given to advancements in microwave-assisted techniques and high-pressure conditions, which enhance both reaction efficiency and selectivity. Additionally, the synthesis of chiral bridged bicyclic lactones from substituted 2-pyrones is examined, illustrating their versatility in organic synthesis. This review underscores the significance of IEDDA cycloaddition in pioneering new synthetic routes for building complex molecular structures.
Author: Prof. Dr. Nasser Thallaj
Language: English
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4403845923