Unveiling Milk Safety in Chennai: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Adulteration Across Diverse Milk Sources
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Introduction: Milk is a complex biological fluid made up mostly of water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and many bioactive compounds. This extremely nutritious food contains vital components like energy-giving lactose, fat, bone-forming calcium, minerals, body-building proteins, and health-promoting vitamins necessary for all age groups. To increase the protein content, SNF, fat %, adulterants are added to milk, which unnaturally raising the milk's quality. Regretfully, there are adulterants that can have serious long-term health effects. Infants may experience renal failure and even die if they consume melamine at levels higher than what is considered safe. Objectives: This study aims to systematically evaluate the extent and nature of all milk adulteration (breast, branded vegan, unbranded vegan milk, direct cow milk and packaged cow milk) in the Chennai city, Tamil Nadu, India. Methods: The study was conducted for a period of 3 months from May 2024 to July 2024. The collected milk samples were analysed using Delstrips paper strips. Results: The findings reveal a widespread presence of adulterants, with starch being the most prevalent across nearly all milk types. There were no statistically significant differences seen between government milk, private branded cow milk, and private direct milk in adulterant's sucrose and neutralizers. In contrast, almond milk offers a viable alternative for those seeking a vegan or lactose-free option, particularly for adults and older children. Conclusion: Milk Adulteration poses a significant threat to public health, economies and the diary industry worldwide. The prevalence of adulteration, particularly in developing countries, highlights the need for improved regulatory frameworks, enhanced testing methods, and vigilant monitoring. This study has demonstrated the severity of milk adulteration, its consequences, and the imperative for collective action. The current research demonstrates that both breast milk and almond milk, when used appropriately, are safe options within their respective contexts.
Authors: Manasa Mira E, Prabu D, Banu Jothi A, Dinesh Dhamodhar, Sindhu R, Lubna Fathima, Indira Nehru, Raj Mohan M, Ragavapriya E, Hari Priya
Institution: SRM Dental College
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4403880799