Allograft Adipose Matrix: A New Natural Approach With Evidence for 8-Year Longevity of Soft Tissue Augmentation
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Soft tissue reconstruction, thus far, is limited to hyaluronic acid fillers or polymer-based biostimulation, which are artificial means for augmentation, and autologous fat transplant, which is more natural and has a high rate of reabsorption.Allograft adipose matrix (AAM; Renuva ® , MTF Biologics, Edison NJ), a new off-the-shelf option, is a decellularized human allograft tissue form with biophysical cues that allow for the patient's own adipose tissue to repopulate the scaffold, resulting in volume restoration, as shown in this communication.Preclinical studies have shown that the AAM retains critical structural proteins reported to support fat formation 1 .In addition, it is postulated that an adipose-derived architecture may support new blood vessel formation via infiltration of endothelial cells, creating a functional, three-dimensional scaffold (Figure 1).Traditionally, the generation of adipocytes has been thought to be a dynamic process, responding to signals of growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and energy surplus.Adipose cells arise from a lineage of mesodermal multipotent stem cells from the vascular stroma, known as adipose mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).MSCs undergo hyperplasia in response to growth signals (i.e., BMP4), which causes development to preadipocyte, and then further growth factors cause terminal differentiation to the mature adipocyte 2 .The signaling factors leading to an adipogenic fate remain elusive.Mature adipocytes can only undergo hypertrophy, growing bigger due to lipogenesis.Mature adipocytes release factors that increase fat generation.Autologous fat transfers often fail, potentially due to low blood supply, leading to transplanted cell death.Mature adipocytes release paracrine signals for lipogenesis (i.e.leptin, adiponectin), and angiogenesis (i.e.VEGF, FGF-2, and TBF-β) 3 .The organization and spatial configuration of adipose extracellular matrix provides specific environmental structural cues to support cell behavior through receptor-mediated
Source: Dermatologic Surgery
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4403947294