Study of fruit crop varieties' needs in temperature regime of their development phases (on the example of pear varieties)
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: . The ontogeny of fruit crops and varieties is composed of individual morphological cycles, each of which has its own requirements of the temperature regime. One of the most important cycles in the formation of flower buds is the development of archesporial tissue in their anthers during winter-spring development, which, in turn, consists of several stages (phases I, II, III). They require a certain amount of active temperatures for their passage. Their deficiency (or excess) can lead to a suspension of ontogeny or even death of flower buds.This paper presents a scientific approach to determining the boundaries of active temperatures necessary for the passage of ontogenesis phases in the buds of pear varieties in the winter-spring and summer periods. Until now, the calculation of the sums of average temperatures received by plants is usually carried out above +5 ºС (active) and above +10 ºС (effective), which does not meet modern requirements for studying the production process and needs to be adjusted. Objective indicators of active temperature limits for pear varieties in specific phases of winter-spring and summer development have been determined. For the Williams variety, the optimal temperature for going through the “budbreak” phase (reduction division) is +6 °C. For varieties Leven, Kieffer – +5 °С. For the Lyubimitsa Klappa variety – +7 °C. It turned out to have the highest active temperature limit. Consequently, this variety has increased thermophilicity compared to the other three varieties studied.The work reveals the possibility of a more correct study of the needs of specific varieties in the amount of temperatures required to pass through each phase of ontogenesis. Its results are important for revealing the mechanism of interaction “genotype-temperature environmental conditions” when controlling the production process of fruit crops and their varieties in various growing environmental conditions in order to increase yield and for further breeding. Key words: variety, pear, temperature regime, production process
Authors: A.V. Klyukina, I.A. Dragavtseva, R.A. Oplachko
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4403951207