Transforming wastewater-derived algae biodiesel with ammonium hydroxide emulsion for enhanced energy efficiency and emission reduction
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: The growing demand for sustainable energy has prompted a search for alternative fuels, with microalgae-based biodiesel emerging as a promising option. However, improving its energy efficiency and minimizing environmental impacts remain key challenges. This study presents a novel approach by integrating wastewater-derived algae cultivation with ammonium hydroxide emulsion to enhance biodiesel performance. Chlorella vulgaris microalgae were grown in a medium of diluted human urine, where nutrient removal efficiency was evaluated, and biooil was extracted via solvent extraction. The resulting biodiesel was analyzed for elemental, chemical, and physicochemical properties. A 30 % blend of Chlorella vulgaris algae biodiesel (CVAB) with normal diesel fuel (NDF) was prepared. To further boost energy efficiency and emissions performance, ammonium hydroxide emulsion was added at concentrations of 5 % and 10 %. Results confirmed that wastewater-sourced algae cultivation is a viable method for sustainable biodiesel production . While CVAB's combustion characteristics were similar to NDF's, it exhibited a 7 % decrease in brake thermal efficiency and a 5 % increase in nitrogen oxide emissions. The addition of ammonium hydroxide emulsion notably improved both energy efficiency and emission profiles. This study highlights a breakthrough in using ammonium hydroxide emulsion to enhance algae biodiesel, making it a more competitive alternative to fossil fuels. Economically, this approach offers a dual advantage: utilizing low-cost wastewater for biodiesel production while improving fuel performance and reducing emissions.
Source: Results in Engineering
Author: Suresh Vellaiyan
Institution: Saveetha University
Language: English
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,490
OpenAlex ID: W4404058821