Prognostic Importance of Hyponatremia in Acute St-elevation Myocardial Infarction
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients commonly have hyponatremia, which is dened as a blood sodium level below 135 mmol/L. Hyponatremia has been associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the most recent data regarding the prognosis relevance of hyponatremia in STEMI patients and its clinical practice consequences. Methods: This study examined 200 patients who had been hospitalized with STEMI in the past. The serum sodium levels of the patients were used to divide them into ve groups: Na+ 140-145 mmol/L, Na+ 135-139 mmol/L, Na+ 130-134 mmol/L, Na+ 125-129 mmol/L, and Na+ <125 mmol/L. We evaluated the relationship between levels of sodium in the blood and various in-hospital outcomes, such as death, cardiogenic shock, arrhythmia, and heart failure. Results: A total of 200 patients were investigated. Fifty patients with hyponatraemia were in Group I, while fty patients with normal salt levels were in Group II. The variables that inuence inhospital outcomes were then examined. Results: 87% of the study population was male, whereas 13% were female. The age range was 25 years to 74 years. The mean age was 50.23±6.23. Risk factors for CAD were smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and F/H. The largest proportion of the study population had hypertension (101 individuals), followed by dyslipidemia (97 individuals), diabetes mellitus (73 individuals), smoking (49 individuals), and F/H of CAD (44 individuals). There were ve outcome variables: heart failure, cardiogenic shock, arrhythmia, length of hospital stay, and mortality. A total of 32patients perished. Compared to patients with normal sodium levels, those with Na+ <125 mmol/L had considerably increased risks of heart failure (25%), arrhythmia (28%), cardiogenic shock (21%), and death (16%). P-values for heart failure, arrhythmia, cardiogenic shock, and death and calculated signicant correlations. Conclusion: In patients with STEMI, hyponatremia-especially severe hyponatremia-is a highly signicant prognostic factor. Patients who have reduced salt levels are more likely to experience unfavorable hospital outcomes. Serum sodium measures may improve patient treatment and risk assessment in STEMI when they are incorporated into standard clinical practice.
Authors: Saurabh Singhal, Siddhant Mishra, Adarsh Hora, Sudhir Mourya
Institution: Index Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre
Language: English
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4404152585