Christian Vikings? The religious identities of warriors in the Norwegian hirð from the Viking Age to Christianization (9th-13th c.): How did the official adoption of Christianity change warrior identities in Scandinavia from the 9th century onwards? In my thesis, I argued that this major religious transformation had an important impact on the relationship between warriors and their gods, shifting from a polytheistic to a Christian framework. Here, I wish to reexamine this point of view by focusing on the case of men who fought in the king’s hirð between the late Viking Age and the rise of a Christian monarchy in Norway (9th-13th c.). In fact, most of them were originally Vikings and were likely pagans as they entered the hirð in the early 10th century. But according to Snorri Sturluson, king St Olaf demanded at the time that they be baptized before becoming his soldiers. Other sources, like the Laws of the hirð, also point to a prevalence of Christian ideology in the royal guard as a constitutive element of warrior identity in Norway, but at a later time (13th c.). Thus, analyzing earlier sources, such as skaldic poetry and archaeological remains from the Viking era, could help us understand how Norwegian warriors from the Viking Age progressively evolved from independent pagan warriors raiding monasteries to Christian soldiers fighting under a royal authority. I will discuss how these different sources imply different methodologies and question our vision of long-term transformations of warrior identities in medieval Scandinavia.