Unveiling the co-expression network and molecular targets behind rotenone resistance in the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a pathogenic nematode responsible for pine wilt disease, which can cause the demise of pine trees and discoloration of trunks. As rotenone is an important botanical pesticide, its impact on B. xylophilus was investigated through RNA-seq to understand the response mechanism of nematode. The bioassay results yielded the 12-h LC 30 (1.35 mg L −1 ) and LC 50 (2.60 mg L −1 ) values for rotenone. Differential gene expression analysis identified 172 and 614 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in B. xylophilus exposed to two different concentrations of rotenone (1.35 and 2.60 mg L −1 ). To validate these findings, the expression patterns of 10 DEGs were confirmed through RT-qPCR. Additionally, all DEGs were categorized into eight gene expression profiles using STEM. Notably, the gene ontology (GO) processes of "single-organism process," "metabolic process," and "catalytic activity" were prominently enriched in rotenone-treated samples, suggesting a role for metabolic and catalytic pathways in the nematode's response to rotenone stress. KEGG pathways related to "carbon metabolism," "drug metabolism-cytochrome P450," and "metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450" were similarly enriched, indicating potential mechanisms for detoxification resistance and oxidative stress resistance. The analysis pointed to the pivotal roles of detoxification- and oxidoreduction-related genes, as well as signal transduction-related genes, in enabling B. xylophilus to adapt to rotenone exposure. These insights could markedly enhance our understanding of nematode resistance mechanisms and potentially inform the development of more effective rotenone-based strategies for controlling B. xylophilus . • Toxicity test showed rotenone disrupts the body wall and cuticle of the pinewood nematodes when Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were exposed to rotenone. • In bioassay, we obtained 12-h LC30 (1.35 mg/L) and 12-hour LC50 (2.60 mg/L) when B. xylophilus were exposed to rotenone. The lethal concentration LC 30 (1.35 mg L −1 ) and LC 50 (2.60 mg L −1 ) of rotenone action against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus for 12 h were obtained by bioassay. • Xenobiotic metabolic genes were associated when Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were exposed to different concentrations of rotenone.
Authors: Buyong Wang, Rongrong Wen, Xuenan Mao, Jie Chen, Xin Hao
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,990
OpenAlex ID: W4404306018