Figure 2 from GDF-15 Predicts Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma Aggressiveness and Is Downregulated by Sirolimus through ATF4/ATF5 Suppression
Year: 2024
Type: other
Abstract: GDF-15 was released by tumor cells in patient-derived models of EHE. A, Assessment of released cytokines in the culture medium of EHE cells using the Human XL Cytokine Array. Detection of GDF-15 by ELISA in culture medium of EHE cell lines and cell lines of PLPS and DDLPS-1 and -2. B, Data were normalized as amount (pg) of released GDF-15 to total released (mg) proteins. RT-qPCR and ELISA results are reported as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. C, Detection of GDF-15 by ELISA in the plasma of healthy mice and mice carrying EHE PDX or PLPS PDX. D, siRNA-mediated downregulation of GDF-15 in the EHE cell line as detected at the mRNA level by RT-qPCR (left), protein level by Western blotting (middle), and as cytokine released in cell culture medium by ELISA 3 days after transfection (right). ELISA data were normalized as amount (pg) of released GDF-15 to total released (mg) proteins and reported as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. E, GSEA (RRID: SCR_003199) was employed on Hallmark (H) collection of the Molecular Signature Database, showing a limited number of modulated pathways following GDF-15 knockdown. DDLPS, dedifferentiated liposarcoma; PLPS, pleomorphic liposarcoma.
Authors: Silvia Stacchiotti, Silvia Martini, Sandro Pasquali, Anna M. Frezza, Alessia Beretta, Stefano Percio, Mara Lecchi, Monica Tortoreto, Marta Barisella, Paola Collini, Gian Paolo Dagrada, Alessandra Merlini, Paul H. Huang, Andrew Jenks, Robin L. Jones, William D. Tap, Matilde Ingrosso, Carlo Morosi, Silvia Brich, Claudia Giani, Paolo Verderio, Paolo G. Casali, Hugh Leonard, Alessandro Gronchi, Valentina Zuco, Nadia Zaffaroni
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W4404423602