Work

Arithmetic Ramsey theory over the primes

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: We study density and partition properties of polynomial equations in prime variables. We consider equations of the form $a_1h(x_1) + \cdots + a_sh(x_s)=b$ , where the a i and b are fixed coefficients and h is an arbitrary integer polynomial of degree d . We establish that the natural necessary conditions for this equation to have a monochromatic non-constant solution with respect to any finite colouring of the prime numbers are also sufficient when the equation has at least $(1+o(1))d^2$ variables. We similarly characterize when such equations admit solutions over any set of primes with positive relative upper density. In both cases, we obtain lower bounds for the number of monochromatic or dense solutions in primes that are of the correct order of magnitude. Our main new ingredient is a uniform lower bound on the cardinality of a prime polynomial Bohr set.

Source: Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Section A Mathematics

DOI: 10.1017/prm.2024.96

Authors: Jonathan Chapman, Sam Chow

Institutions: University of Bristol, Heilbronn Institute for Mathematical Research, University of Warwick

Language: English

Topic: Limits and Structures in Graph Theory

Subfield: Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics

Field: Mathematics

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,450

Funder: University of Bristol