Incidence of diabetes mellitus following hospitalisation for COVID ‐19 in the United Kingdom: A prospective observational study
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: People hospitalised for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have elevated incidence of diabetes. However, it is unclear whether this is due to shared risk factors, confounding or stress hyperglycaemia in response to acute illness. METHODS: We analysed a multicentre prospective cohort study (PHOSP-COVID) of people ≥18 years discharged from NHS hospitals across the United Kingdom following COVID-19. Individuals were included if they attended at least one research visit with a HbA1c measurement within 14 months of discharge and had no history of diabetes at baseline. The primary outcome was new onset diabetes (any type), as defined by a first glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement ≥6.5% (≥48 mmol/mol). Follow-up was censored at the last HbA1c measurement. Age-standardised incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, length of hospital stay, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, deprivation, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia/hypercholesterolaemia, intensive therapy unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, corticosteroid use and C-reactive protein score) were calculated using Poisson regression. Incidence rates were compared with the control groups of published clinical trials in the United Kingdom by applying the same inclusion and exclusion criteria, where possible. RESULTS: Incidence of diabetes was 91.4 per 1000 person-years and was higher in South Asian (incidence rate ratios [IRR] = 3.60; 1.77, 7.32; p < 0.001) and Black ethnic groups (IRR = 2.36; 1.07, 5.21; p = 0.03) compared with White ethnic groups. When restricted to similar characteristics, the incidence rates were similar to those in UK clinical trials data. CONCLUSION: Diabetes incidence following hospitalisation for COVID-19 is high, but it remains uncertain whether it is disproportionately higher than pre-pandemic levels.
Source: Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism
DOI: 10.1111/dom.16071
Authors: Freya Tyrer, Safoora Gharibzadeh, Clare Gillies, Claire Lawson, Ash Routen, Nazrul Islam, Cameron Razieh, Francesco Zaccardi, Tom Yates, Melanie J. Davies, Christopher E. Brightling, James D. Chalmers, Annemarie B. Docherty, Omer Elneima, Rachael A. Evans, Neil J. Greening, Victoria C. Harris, Ewen M. Harrison, Ling‐Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Linzy Houchen‐Wolloff, Olivia C. Leavy, Nazir I. Lone, Michael Marks, Hamish J. C. McAuley, Krisnah Poinasamy, Jennifer K. Quint, Betty Raman, Matthew Richardson, Ruth Saunders, Marco Sereno, Aarti Shikotra, Amish Singapuri, Louise V. Wain, Kamlesh Khunti, the PHOSP‐COVID Study Collaborative Group
Institutions: University of Leicester, University of Southampton, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, University of Edinburgh, University of Oxford, MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Manchester, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Asthma + Lung UK, Imperial College London
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,190
Funders: Francis Crick Institute, UK Research and Innovation, National Institute for Health and Care Research, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health and Social Care, Kidney Research UK, Cystic Fibrosis Trust, Diabetes UK, Asthma and Lung UK, Public Health England, Versus Arthritis, Blood Cancer UK, Medical Research Council, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre
OpenAlex ID: W4404547033