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Charting the Path: Psychological Factors and Diet Adherence in Adolescents With Celiac Disease

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction Adolescence is a pivotal time for individuals with celiac disease (CD), presenting a host of psychosocial challenges. Managing a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) while forming self-identity, striving for autonomy, and navigating social relationships significantly impacts adolescents with CD. The present pilot study investigates the impact of psychological factors on behavioral and dietary responses in adolescents with CD, utilizing repeated measures over time. Methods Thirty-one adolescents aged 11-18 from a pediatric outpatient CD department were recruited. Participants completed the Resilience Youth Development Module (RYDM), the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Celiac Dietary Adherence Test (CDAT) over four phases spanning four months. Twenty-seven parents also agreed to participate in completing the SDQ parents' version. Results The results revealed moderate levels of mindfulness and resilience, accompanied by inadequate adherence to a GFD. Baseline assessments revealed difficulties in peer relationships and psychosocial functioning, which parents corroborated. Over time, reductions in mindfulness and resilience were observed, along with modest improvements in dietary adherence and decreases in psychosocial difficulties. Discussion This study underscores the importance of psychological traits, suggesting that enhancing mindfulness and resilience may improve both dietary adherence and overall well-being. However, given the dynamic nature of adolescents' coping strategies through developmental changes and social environments, tailored interventions are essential for effective disease management and social integration.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.74103

Authors: Antonios Bozas, Georgios Karakatsoulis, Efharis Panagopoulou, Ioannis Xinias, Maria Fotoulaki

Institutions: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas

Language: English

Topic: Celiac Disease Research and Management

Subfield: Gastroenterology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4404562666