The prevalence of the symptom of "hyperechoic pyramids" in children born with very low and extremely low body weight
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Aim. To determine the frequency and factors contributing to the formation of c-ma "hyperechoic pyramids" in children born with very low and extremely low body weight, as well as to assess kidney function in this contingent of children in a three-year catamnesis. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the ultrasound pattern of the urinary system was carried out in 756 premature babies, from birth to 3 years of age, two groups were identified: group I – 133 children who had hyperechoic pyramids in the neonatal period; group II – 643 children without hyperechoic pyramids in the neonatal period; group III – the comparison group – 3000 full-term neonates. Results. The symptom of "hyperechoic pyramids" was detected in 15% of premature babies (group I) by the end of 1 month of life (25±6 days), in full-term babies (group III) – in 23 at the age of the first 3–10 days of life. In 2% of premature infants up to 2 months of age, hyperechoic inclusions were diagnosed, giving an acoustic shadow, which were interpreted as kidney concretions. It was revealed that the need (100% vs 71%) and duration (9.7 days vs 2.8 days) for mechanical ventilation, drug load and frequency of artificial feeding (92% vs 19%) in the I group were higher than in the II group. By 12 months of age, signs of nephrocalcinosis with hypercalciuria in group I were detected in 74% of patients and by 36 months were preserved in 23%. In 2% children with renal nodules detected in the first months of life, these changes up to 36 months of life and by 3 years of age, the frequency in group I was 6.6%. Conclusion. In children born with very low and extremely low body weight, there is a high frequency of detection of "hyperechoic pyramids," which tends to decrease with the growth of the child. In some children, the changes are persistent with a risk of progression in the absence of proper observation and treatment. Among the aggravating external influences, a significant role belongs to long-term mechanical ventilation and oxygen dependence, high drug load by various groups of drugs, as well as artificial feeding in neonatal and infancy.
Source: Consilium Medicum
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4404643383