Determination Of Cardiac Vector Magnitude And Angle In The 4 Quadrant Graph Using Cardiac Vector Theory
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The angle determination in ECG is done using the hex-axial reference system with the changes observed in two leads namely Lead I and aVF or using three leads namely Lead I, Lead II and aVF. The angle determination is very difficult in certain conditions. Cardiac vector theory helps in the understanding and determination of cardiac vector magnitude and angle in ECG interpretation. AIM: To derive and calculate the cardiac vector magnitude and cardiac vector angle and to correlate with the lead vector in all the 4 quadrants of the hex-axial reference system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cardiac vector theory derived using the projection of heart vector onto the lead vector is applied in detail in different quadrants of the 4 quadrant graph to derive the cardiac vector angle and magnitude. RESULTS:The determination of magnitude and angle(axis) of Cardiac vector was cited with 11 examples. Cardiac vector magnitude and angle determination in each of the 4 quadrant was clearly depicted using graphical figures. CONCLUSION: The cardiac axis calculation remains an arduous and challenging task. Therefore, this detailed approach using vector principles will serve as an important guide to the medical students to understand and analyze the cardiac axis in various clinical conditions.
Author: Dr.T.Rajini Samuel
Language: English
Topic: ECG Monitoring and Analysis
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4405263369