Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Type 2 inflammation is involved in severe asthma (SA), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The pathogenesis of these diseases involves various immune system cells and target tissues, along with numerous cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory molecules. The role of eosinophils and the cytokine IL-5 and its receptor (IL-5R) is becoming a significant focus in these diseases, with numerous studies, from in vitro experiments to clinical trials, demonstrating correlations between IL-5 levels with eosinophil numbers and activity in SA, CRSwNP, and EGPA. Eosinophils and IL-5 are involved, both directly and indirectly, in disease initiation and exacerbation, as well as in tissue remodelling and disease progression. An advisory board of experts discussed how understanding the actions of IL-5 within Type 2 inflammation in SA, CRSwNP, and EGPA can highlight the importance of its role in managing patients with these diseases and help identify suitable biomarkers for disease onset, exacerbation, and progression. Therapies targeting eosinophil generation, priming, and activation could lead to more effective disease control and help prevent the tissue damage associated with these conditions, which can be difficult to reverse in chronic cases.
Source: European Medical Journal
Institutions: Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, University of Trento, Ospedale Santa Chiara, GlaxoSmithKline (Italy), Humanitas University, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, University of Catania, University of Cagliari, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Verona, World Allergy Organization, University of Naples Federico II
Language: English
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4405320323