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Anatomical Ultrasound Study of the Cephalic Vein in the Deltopectoral Groove in Oncological Patients Eligible for a Totally Implantable Venous Access Port

Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Cephalic Vein Cutdown (CVC) in the Deltopectoral Groove (DG) is a simple surgical technique used for the insertion of pacemakers or Totally Implantable Venous Access Ports (TIVAP), with few intra-or postoperative complications.Due to possible anatomical variations, its success rate has reported to be lower than percutaneous ultrasound-guided techniques.The aim of this study is to describe the anatomy of the Cephalic Vein (CV) in the DG.Methods: A total of 2400 CVs in the DGs of 1200 patients were studied with ultrasound before the implantation of the TIVAP for chemotherapy treatment.Diameter, depth, tortuosity, CV/Axillary Vein junction (CV/AV) and AV patency were measured and related to gender and laterality.Results: The mean age of the 1200 patients was 63.3 years, 744 (62.0%) of whom were women.The CV was absent in 155 (6.5%) cases and there were no significant differences between sexes.The mean diameter of the CVs, when present, was 3.8 mm and the mean depth was 13.6 mm (SD: 2.9).Both diameter and depth were significantly greater in men.In 91 (4.1%) cases there was stenosis of the CV/AV junction, being significantly greater on the left side.CV tortuosity and AV occlusion were observed in 32 (1.4%) and in 22 (0.9%) cases, respectively, with no statistically significant differences found between sexes.Two thousand and fifty-seven CVs (85.7%) had a diameter ≥ 3.0 mm. Conclusions:The present study showed that the diameter and depth of the CVs were greater in men and on the right side.Stenosis of the CV/AV junction and tortuosity were more common in left-sided CVs.
DOI: 10.29011/2575-9760.011199
Author: Barba A
Language: English
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4405329800
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