Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Botulinum toxin injections are method used to manage spasticity of upper extremity, characterized by increased muscle tone and involuntary muscle contraction caused by neurological disorders.Botulinum toxin injections to reduce spasticity of upper extremity have been demonstrated in numerous studies and are highly recommended in guidelines.For spasticity of upper extremity, botulinum toxin injections are more effective when guided by ultrasound or electromyography devices rather than performed blindly.Spasticity of upper extremity due to central nervous system injury often follows a pattern, with the elbow flexed, forearm pronated, wrist flexed, and fingers flexed.It is crucial to assess the degree of spasticity, the amount of muscle involved, and the key muscles affecting each movement, and to inject the correct dosage at precise locations.Reducing spasticity of upper extremity with botulinum toxin injections can improve the patient's quality of life and aid in caregiving.
Source: Clinical Pain
Author: Jong Moon Kim
Institutions: CHA University Bundang Medical Center, CHA University
Language: English
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4405873361