Association between Food Insecurity and Chronic Eye Disease in the National Institutes of Health's All of Us Research Program
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Purpose: Food insecurity is a potential risk factor for visual impairment; however, its association with specific eye diseases remains unknown.This study aims to examine the association between food insecurity and chronic eye diseases including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and cataracts.Design: Cross-sectional.Participants: Participants of the All of Us (AoU) Research Program, who had electronic health record data and responded to survey questions regarding food insecurity.Methods: Population-based.Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between food insecurity and each eye disease.Main Outcome Measure(s): Primary outcomes included glaucoma, AMD, DR, or cataracts, based on the International Classification of Disease, 9th and 10th Revision codes.Results: A total of 78 694 participants were included in the study population.Of these, 9732 (12.4%) reported food insecurity, 2095 (2.7%) had glaucoma, 1398 (1.8%) had AMD, 1127 (1.4%) had DR, and 10 135 (12.9%) had cataracts.Compared with those without food insecurity, participants with food insecurity had significantly higher odds of glaucoma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18e1.72,P 0.001) but not of AMD (aOR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.67e1.21,P ¼ 0.544), DR (aOR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.93e1.42,P ¼ 0.180), or cataracts (aOR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.87e1.08,P ¼ 0.635).Conclusions: This study found a positive association between food insecurity and glaucoma in the AoU Research Program.Further research should focus on understanding disease-specific mechanisms for this association.Adequate social determinants of health screening and population interventions to improve stable access to healthy food options may prove vital for reducing the risk of eye disease.
Source: Ophthalmology Science
Authors: Ramin Talebi, Fei Yu, Victoria L. Tseng, Anne L. Coleman
Language: English
Subfield: General Health Professions
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,500
Awards: Healthy Americas: All of Us Research Program, Empowerment-focused Outreach, Education and Enrollment of Tennessee Older Adults in the All of Us Research Program through Community Efforts by FiftyForward, Research Matters: Creating Possibilities to Achieve Health and Wellness for All of Us Research Program, Precision Medicine Initiative Cohort Program Biobank, Communications Design and Development for NIH Precision Medicine Initiative Research Projects, Technology to Empower Changes in Health (TECH) Network Participant Technologies Center, University of Arizona-Banner Health All of Us Research Program , The New England Precision Medicine Consortium of the All of Us Research Program, All of Us Wisconsin , Data and Research Support Center , Southern All of Us Network, SouthEast Enrollment Center (SEEC) , Adaptive Platform for Personalized Engagement, Communication Implementation and Coordination for NIH Precision Medicine Initiative Research Projects, G9000004253, G9000011771, G9000041420, G9000055272, G9000072038, G9000092963, G9000128449, G9000147789, G9000279044, G9000281844, G9000303384, G9000318093, PRIDEnet for the All of Us Research Program
OpenAlex ID: W4405910882