Optimizing Heat Pump Control in an NZEB via Model Predictive Control and Building Simulation
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: EU regulations get stricter from 2028 on by imposing net-zero energy building (NZEB) standards on new residential buildings including on-site renewable energy integration. Heat pumps (HP) using thermal building mass, and Model Predictive Control (MPC) provide a viable solution to this problem. However, the MPC potential in NZEBs considering the impact on indoor comfort have not yet been investigated comprehensively. Therefore, we present a co-simulative approach combining MPC optimization and IDA ICE building simulation. The demand response (DR) potential of a ground-source HP and the long-term indoor comfort in an NZEB located in Vorarlberg, Austria over a one year period are investigated. Optimization is performed using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) based on a simplified RC model. The HP in the building simulation is controlled by power signals obtained from the optimization. The investigation shows reductions for electricity cost by up to 49% for HP, by up to 5% for the building, and an increase of the PV self-consumption by up to 4% pt. in two distinct optimization scenarios. Moreover, compared to the reference PI controller, the MPC scenarios provided more consistent and more reliable indoor comfort by reducing fluctuating room temperatures and maintaining stable indoor conditions. Especially precooling strategies mitigated overheating risks in summer and ensured indoor comfort according to EN 16798-1 class II standards.
Source: Energies
DOI: 10.3390/en18010100
Authors: Christian Baumann, Philipp Wohlgenannt, Wolfgang Streicher, Peter Kepplinger
Language: English
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,955
OpenAlex ID: W4405948328