Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: The article examines the campaign to eliminate the bais in Central Kazakhstan in the late 1920s. This was the period when the Soviet government began radical transformations in Kazakh society. According to the Bol-sheviks, reconstruction and strengthening of the cattle-breeding economy, collectivization and, on their basis, assistance to the poor were unthinkable without breaking patriarchal-clan relations and destroying the bais-patriarchal households. The largest revolutionary measure of the Soviet government in the village was the confiscation of livestock, property and the eviction of the bais. The authors note that in traditional Kazakh so-ciety, the bais had great authority and played a key role in the socio-economic life of their people. The pro-cess of liquidation of the bai as a “class” was analyzed by the authors on the basis of declassified archival documents in the course of the implementation of the regional research topic 442-I-23“Service for organizing and conducting research activities on the rehabilitation of victims of political repression in the Karaganda re-gion”, in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan K.-Zh.K. Tokayev No. 456 of November 24, 2020 “On the State Commission for the Full Rehabilitation of Victims of Political Re-pression”. The authors emphasize that the measures to confiscate livestock and property of bai farms were carried out without taking into account specific features — the nomadic way of doing business and life of the overwhelming majority of the indigenous population. The article shows the mechanism for implementing mass terror and the tragic consequences of these events on a regional scale. It is concluded that during the campaign of confiscation and eviction of the bai farms, agriculture suffered, and a social stratum of society was destroyed — the bai, the bearers of centuries-old knowledge about cattle breeding.
Language: English
Topic: Soviet and Russian History
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4405965618