Work

The intensity of geomagnetic storms associated with the interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind parameters during Solar Cycle 24

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Proper knowledge of the nature of geomagnetic storms and their relationships with the conditions of the space environment at the outer part of the Earth’s magnetosphere (bow shock nose) is essential to increase our resilience to space weather disturbances. In this article, we present an analysis of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and solar wind parameters relevant to 100 geomagnetic storms in Solar Cycle 24. We revisit the relationship between the minimum disturbance storm time index (Dstmin), the minimum southward IMF (BS, min), the maximum solar wind density (NSW, max) and speed (Vmax), and the lag time between the extrema (dT(Bz, N), dT(Bz, V)). We end with a regression formula that fits the data, with a coefficient of determination of 0.58, a root mean square error of 21.30 nT, and a mean absolute error of 15.87 nT. Even though more complex machine learning models can outperform this model, it serves as a theoretically sensible alternative for understanding and forecasting geomagnetic storms.

Source: Earth and Planetary Physics

DOI: 10.26464/epp2024069

Authors: Anwar Santoso, Sismanto Sismanto, Rhorom Priyatikanto, Eddy Hartantyo, Dyah R. Martiningrum

Institutions: Universitas Gadjah Mada, National Research and Innovation Agency, University of Technology Malaysia

Language: English

Topic: Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics

Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,324

Funders: U.S. Geological Survey, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology