Year: 2025
Type: editorial
Abstract: Editorials; cardiovascular diseases; female; risk factors; stroke Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death for both women and men in the United States, with first and recurrent strokes as a major contributor.Although women have a lower age-adjusted incidence of stroke than men, they face significantly higher lifetime risks and fatality rates, which reflect both biological and social factors unique to their experience.[1][2][3] While advances in stroke diagnosis and treatment have led to a decline in first-stroke mortality, 2,3 efforts are now increasingly directed at reducing recurrence, particularly as sex-and race-specific disparities persist.Recent research has emphasized that beyond biological risk factors, social, environmental, and behavioral stressors play a crucial role in stroke outcomes.3,4 Despite growing awareness, women and Hispanic or Latino populations remain underrepresented in cardiovascular disease research, and their burden of disease remains disproportionately high.[1][2][3][4] The study by Chen et al 5 deserves recognition for its comprehensive assessment of the social, behavioral, and clinical factors influencing sex differences in stroke recurrence and poststroke mortality, based on data from 2326 patients with first-time ischemic stroke in the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi project, a longitudinal, community-based study in Texas.Over a median follow-up of 5.4 (interquartile range, 2.9-8.2) years, 12% of patients experienced stroke recurrence, while 41% died over a median follow-up of 3.7 (interquartile range, 1.7-6.5)years.The study found no significant sex differences in stroke recurrence as hazard ratios across all models included confidence intervals that crossed 1 (fully adjusted hazard ratio, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.67-1.16]).For mortality, crude analyses showed higher rates in women (hazard ratio, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.08-1.38]);however,
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4406473117