Research for the influence of organicinorganic modifiers of phenolformaldehyde resin on the physical and mechanical properties of magnesiacarbon refractories
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: The conditions for the existence and development of metallurgical enterprises and the ceramic industry today compel the search for technological solutions for the development of new types of refractory and ceramic materials, as well as materials science approaches for their design. Magnesiacarbon refractories meet contemporary operational demands for metallurgical units as lining materials due to their thermal stability, resistance to the destructive effects of molten metals, and constant or increasing strength with rising temperatures. To enhance strength parameters, a design approach is employed to create a reinforcing phase within the matrix of magnesiacarbon material. This phase is synthesized at elevated temperatures by implementing conditions favorable for its formation and by modifying phenolformaldehyde resin during raw material preparation. The physicmechanical properties of nonsintered magnesiacarbon refractories were investigated using various types of modifiers (nickel sulfate, ETS40, citric acid, and ammonium oxalate) introduced into the phenolformaldehyde resin. The study demonstrated the feasibility of modifying PFR to improve the strength of nonsintered magnesiacarbon materials and confirmed the necessity of introducing hexamethylenetetramine to form the resite structure of PFR. The influence of PFR modifiers (nickel sulfate, ETS40) on the formation of the PFR resite structure and the SiO2 framework structure was identified, and their combined introduction was recommended to enhance the cold crushing strength to 56.3 MPa in magnesiacarbon materials after heat treatment at 180—200 ºС. It was shown that to ensure highstrength characteristics, the amount of nickel sulfate introduced into the PFR should not exceed 0.1 wt. %.
Language: English
Subfield: Ceramics and Composites
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4406617943