The Contribution of the Psychological Pressures That Football Referees Are Exposed to Through Visual Media to Their Level of Performance
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: The study purposes to identify the contribution of the psychological pressures that football referees are exposed to through visual media to their level of performance. To achieve this, The researchers used the descriptive correlational approach. The study was conducted on a sample consisting of 86 referees, who were divided separately according to the referee’s specialization into referees, their number was 37, and assistant referees, numbering 49. For the purposes of data collection. The researchers used two tools for the study. The first tool relates to measuring psychological pressures, while the second and third tools relate to measuring the level of performance of the referees and their assistants. After the process of collecting the data, which was processed statistically using the statistical package program (SPSS). The study findings showed the existence of an inverse relationship at pe value (α≤ 0.05) between the psychological pressures that referees are exposed to, and all their performance standards, as psychological pressure explains (18.10%) of the decline in their performance level. The results also showed that there is an inverse relationship between the psychological pressures that football assistant referees are exposed to via visual media and all of their performance standards, as psychological pressures contributed to (19.50%) of the decline in their performance level.
Institutions: Palestine Technical University - Kadoorie, Manouba University
Language: English
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4406826398