Work

Links between protein-source diversity, household behavior, and protein consumption inadequacy in the Indian rural semi-arid tropics

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Our study analyzes the determinants, sources, and levels of protein consumption among 785 households across nine districts in six Indian states in the semi-arid tropics. We found that 80% of these households consumed less protein than recommended and relied on cereals for 60–75% of their protein intake. Notably, even when protein-rich foods are accessible to households, they still consume them insufficiently. We found that their protein intake deficiency is driven by a lack of diversity of protein sources (in particular, legumes, millets, and livestock), as well as by a dearth of women's education and role in household decision-making and low incomes and assets. We advocate for initiatives to raise nutrition awareness, empower women, and adopt a nutrition-centric farming approach.

Source: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2025.1490050

Authors: Shalander Kumar, Soumitra Pramanik, Thomas Reardon, E. Revathi

Institutions: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Michigan State University, Centre for Economic and Social Studies

Language: English

Topic: Child Nutrition and Water Access

Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics

Field: Nursing

Domain: Health Sciences

SDGs: Zero hunger, No poverty, Reduced inequalities, Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,353