Polyurethane Materials for Fire Retardancy: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Applications
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: As the demand for high-performance polymers broadens, polyurethane (PU) polymers with various chemical modifications have attracted attention. This review explores the chemical structure and functional variations of PUs. PUs are used in a variety of fields, ranging from aerospace engineering to daily necessities, and show remarkable safety adaptability through designable synthesis processes. This study is divided into four main parts: (1) synthesis and structure, covering the synthesis of PU base and modification of additive compounds; (2) performance, studying physical properties and thermal degradation processes; (3) application, evaluating the commercial potential of PU polymers; and (4) flame retardancy, analyzing five established flame-retardant mechanisms. The last part discusses how PUs can meet sustainable development goals by replacing petroleum-based materials with green materials. By emphasizing non-petroleum resources and novel, sustainable modification strategies, this review conducts guidance for the safe and environmentally friendly application of PUs in the future.
Source: Fire
DOI: 10.3390/fire8020064
Authors: Jiemin Zhang, Guan Heng Yeoh, Imrana I. Kabir
Language: English
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,896
OpenAlex ID: W4407152827