Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The ketogenic diet is emerging as an effective therapeutic option for patients with neurological disorders. The diet results in metabolism of fatty acids to ketone bodies like ?-hydroxybutyrates (BHBs), which serve as an alternative fuel source for brain cells. However, the molecular effect of BHB on neurons is not well understood. We hypothesized that BHB administration will induce upregulation of energy metabolism-related processes in neurons. To assess the effect of BHB administration on the neuronal transcriptome, we reanalyzed a publicly available RNAseq dataset (GSE252513) using a bioinformatic “3-pod” approach. We conducted pathway analysis and identified leading edge genes using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and conducted chemical perturbagen analysis using the iLINCS repository to identify drugs that are concordant and discordant with BHB administration. We identified significantly altered (p<0.05) pathways associated with inflammation and immunity such as “regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production” and “modulation of inflammatory responses.” We did not identify significant modulation of energy metabolism-related pathways in response to BHB administration. Our results suggest that under normal conditions, BHBs primary actions include modulation of cellular neuronal immune responses.
Authors: Zayn Cheema, Megan Chen, Dana Poon, Taara Reddy, John Vergis, Sinead O'Donovan
Institutions: University of Toledo, University of Limerick
Language: English
Topic: Diet and metabolism studies
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4407159641