Green synthesis of Ag-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles and its efficacy against mosquito larvae and non-target organisms
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The current study presents data on the eco-friendly biological synthesis of silver and palladium bimetallic nanoparticles (Ag-Pd BNPs) using a 10% aqueous leaf extract of plant Citrus limon. The synthesized Ag-Pd BNPs were characterized using various techniques, including UV-Visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Subsequently, the larvicidal nanotoxicity of the characterized Ag-Pd BNPs was assessed against I, II, III, and IV instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, and its impact on the predation efficiency of non-target nymphs of dragonfly and damselfly was evaluated. The results of UV-Vis displayed a maximum absorption at 300 nm ± 40 nm for the leaf extract, while for the synthesized Ag-Pd BNPs no surface plasmon resonance band was observed. FTIR analysis revealed the involvement of surface functional groups from the leaf extract in nanoparticle synthesis. TEM analysis determined a mean particle size of 21 ± 7.22 d nm, while DLS analysis confirmed a Z-average of 1956 d nm. SEM-EDX verified the presence and purity of the Ag-Pd BNPs in the sample, and XRD analysis identified the leaf extract-mediated synthesis with distinct peaks obtained for Ag and Pd. The nanotoxicity bioassay revealed significant larval mortality and the LC50 values were obtained at the time intervals of 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of exposure for I to IV instars of both mosquito species. The predation efficiency test against the non-target nymphs of dragonfly and damselfly revealed time-dependent predation dynamics, resulting in high predation rates over specific time intervals. In conclusion, this study offers significant scientific insights into the characterization and ecotoxicological properties of Ag-Pd BNPs, demonstrating their potential under vector control while considering their impact on non-target organisms.
Source: Bioscience Nanotechnology
Authors: Savy Panamkuttiyiel Minal, Soam Prakash
Institution: Dayalbagh Educational Institute
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,790
OpenAlex ID: W4407260344