Work

From Waste to Resource: Exploring the Current Challenges and Future Directions of Photovoltaic Solar Cell Recycling

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The rapid proliferation of photovoltaic (PV) solar cells as a clean energy source has raised significant concerns regarding their end-of-life (EoL) management, particularly in terms of sustainability and waste reduction. This review comprehensively examines challenges, opportunities, and future directions in the recycling of PV solar cells, focusing on mechanical, thermal, and chemical recycling techniques. It also evaluates the scalability and practicality of these methods to different PV technologies, including crystalline silicon and thin-film modules. It explores the economic and environmental impacts of these processes, highlighting the necessity of developing robust recycling infrastructure and innovative technologies to address the anticipated surge in PV waste. Additionally, this review discusses the critical role of government policies and industry collaboration in overcoming the barriers to effective recycling. Furthermore, the importance of integrating design-for-recyclability principles into PV module development is emphasized, as it can significantly enhance material recovery and process efficiency. By advancing these strategies, the solar industry can achieve greater sustainability, reduce resource depletion, and mitigate environmental risks, thereby ensuring the long-term viability of solar energy as a key component of global renewable energy initiatives.

Source: Solar

DOI: 10.3390/solar5010004

Authors: Ghadeer Badran, Vlado K. Lazarov

Institution: University of York

Language: English

Topic: Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability

Subfield: Environmental Engineering

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Responsible consumption and production, Affordable and clean energy, Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,207