pH Changes and Caries Activity during Pre- and Post-application of Nanosilver Fluoride in Early Childhood Caries Children: A Clinical Trial
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: calcium and phosphate contents in saliva are the key determinants of critical pH, as this can change by up to one pH unit from the mean due to flow-dependent differences in total calcium and phosphate concentrations in saliva.6 The application of nanoscience and technology in dentistry resulted in the emergence of nanosilver fluoride (NSF) as a new anticaries agent.Targino et al. 7 first made NSF by chemically reducing silver nitrate, using chitosan as a carrier and fluoride as a stabilizing agent, while Haghgoo et al. made a varnish by mixing nanosilver with sodium fluoride varnish.Colloidal solution and varnish were the two most widely studied types of NSF.This novel anticaries agent is safe for humans to use and has exceptionally significant IntroductIonDental caries is a multifactorial disease that starts with microbiological shifts within the complex biofilm and is affected by salivary flow and composition, exposure to fluoride, consumption of dietary sugars, and preventive behaviors.Early childhood caries (ECC) is an aggressive form of dental caries that begins on tooth surfaces that are usually not affected by decay, such as the labial surfaces of maxillary incisors, in contrast to dental caries, which usually involves plaque-retentive areas. 1 The epidemiology of caries indicates that the problem is major and remains a problem over time. 2 A study reported the overall global prevalence of ECC is 48% and varies significantly between and within countries.3 An ECC prevalence of 44% has been reported in rural South India among 8-48-month-olds over a period of 3 months from July to September 2014.4 The Featherstone caries balance concept 5 states that the balance of pathologic factors can be altered in favor of protective factors to halt or slow down the caries process.If not, it continues, resulting in new and recurrent caries.The dissolution of enamel occurs when the pH falls below the critical pH of 5.5.A lower pH indicates that a patient's oral cavity is acidic due to lack of oral hygiene, caries, or a cariogenic diet.Streptococcus mutans are the pioneer bacteria involved in this process; they adhere to enamel and produce large amounts of acid, creating an acidic environment.This low environmental pH alters the balance from remineralization to demineralization, hence favoring the formation of lesions.The total 1,
Source: World Journal of Dentistry
Institution: Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital
Language: English
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4407583280