Challenges and contribution of electrochemical driven by-products in tannery wastewater treatment: Optimization, detection and distribution of reactive oxidation species
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is an excellent approach for the treatment of persistent pollutant from synthesistic and real wastewater than conventional wastewater treatment processes . Chloride and sulfate salts generally used and present in natural wastewater that affect the EO process. In this research, the effect of electrolyte concentration on active sulfate (SO 4 2⁻ ) species (HSO 4 ⁻ , SO 4 •⁻ and S 2 O 8 2 ⁻) formation, chlorinated by-products distribution (ClO 4 − , ClO 3 − , Cl 2 ), and tannery effluent degradation have been examined while using graphite electrodes . A full factorial design was used to optimize the three independent factors, namely: initial pH (pH o ): 3–11, current (I): 1–3 A, and electrolysis time (t): 20–110 min for the responses of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and chromium (Cr) removal. Under the optimum treatment conditions of 3 A current, 90 min electrolysis time, 600 mg L −1 Na 2 SO 4 concentration and pH o of 7, more than 88% COD and 90% Cr removal were achieved under optimal conditions. Qualitative and quantitative analysis confirmed the formation and distribution of various reactive oxidation species and a plausible mechanism was discussed. EO processes yielded almost total mineralization due to the synergistic action of generated active chlorine, sulfate species and hydroxyl radicals . A relatively higher amount of ClO 3 ⁻ was occurred that sign the efficient • OH generation in sulfate mediated EO because the ClO 3 ⁻ formation is certainly associated to • OH concentration. Overall results demonstrate that sulfate enriched electrolyte systems are helpful for EO of hazardous organic pollutants .
Authors: Seema Singh, Pinki Sharma, Agrima Pandey, Manoj Chandra Garg, Shang-Lien Lo, Praveen Kumar
Language: English
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,750
Awards: Photocatalytic treatment for the effective removal of emerging Poly- and Per-fluoroalkyl substances from water, Chemistry for Sustainable Development, G2213981931, G3720908265, G3875133650, Advanced trends in Raman spectroelectrochemistry in investigation of catalysts, G6177446617, Solar-assisted photocatalytic degradation of perfluorinated compounds in water, G686176162
OpenAlex ID: W4407592943