Harvesting Salinity Gradient Energy by Diffusion of Ions, Liquid Water, and Water Vapor
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: In this paper we briefly discuss the main points of salinity gradient energy (SGE). First we discuss the sources of SGE and the methods to harvest it. Then we calculate, using the laws of physical chemistry, the amount of energy that can be harvested with three selected methods based on the diffusion of ions, of liquid water and of water vapor respectively. Then we give an overview of the applications, highlighting a number of new developments such as assisted reverse electrodialysis (ARED) and energy storage. It turns out that reverse electrodialysis offers unexpected possibilities such as energy storage, utilizing waste heat and the administration of transdermal drug delivery; a technique that has been launched very recently.
Source: Processes
DOI: 10.3390/pr13020554
Author: Joost Veerman
Language: English
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,896
OpenAlex ID: W4407626053