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Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case Report

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as nivolumab have revolutionized cancer therapy, including melanoma. Immune-related events happen in up to 70% of patients. Sarcoid-like reactions are rare and can mimic tumor progression. An 82-year-old man with metastatic melanoma receiving nivolumab for 5 years presented with dyspnea and neck and face swelling. A computed tomography scan of the chest showed paratracheal adenopathy compressing the superior vena cava (SVC) and pleural effusion. Biopsies revealed only benign lymphocytes. The symptoms resolved with a course of prednisone. This case highlights rare nivolumab-induced lymphoid proliferation causing SVC syndrome. New SVC syndrome symptoms should prompt evaluation to distinguish between cancer progression, infection, and drug-induced lymphadenopathy.

Source: Annals of Internal Medicine Clinical Cases

DOI: 10.7326/aimcc.2024.0851

Authors: Hoang Tran Pham, Ravindra Gudavalli, Archan M. Shah, An Ho

Institutions: Weiss Memorial Hospital, Banner Health, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center

Language: English

Topic: Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers

Subfield: Oncology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4407686685

FWCI:

Cites: 10

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Related to: 10