Probing Cosmology with 92 Localized Fast Radio Bursts and DESI BAO
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Recent baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) collaboration, combined with the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and type Ia supernovae observations, suggest a preference for dynamical dark energy (DDE) with w 0 > −1 and w a < 0. Given the cosmological origin of fast radio bursts (FRBs), the combination of their dispersion measures (DMs) and host galaxy redshifts makes localized FRBs a valuable tool for probing cosmology. Using an updated sample of 92 localized FRBs, along with DESI BAO, PlantheonPlus, and CMB data, we constrain the dark energy (DE) equation of state (EoS) under the Chevallier–Polarski–Linder parameterization. We find that even without incorporating CMB data, DDE remains preferred with w 0 = − 0.85 5 − 0.084 + 0.084 and w a = − 1.17 4 − 0.491 + 0.462 at a confidence level of ∼2.5σ. A joint analysis constrains these to be w 0 = − 0.78 4 − 0.064 + 0.064 and w a = − 0.87 2 − 0.278 + 0.269 , showing a discrepancy with ΛCDM at a ∼3.1σ level. Furthermore, using localized FRBs alone, we estimate the Hubble constant H 0 to be 69.0 4 − 2.07 + 2.30 and 75.6 1 − 2.07 + 2.23 km s − 1 Mpc − 1 , assuming the Galactic electron density models to be NE2001 and YMW16, respectively. Thus, accurate accounting of the Galactic DM is crucial for resolving the Hubble tension with FRBs. Future BAO measurements, next-generation CMB experiments, and more localized FRBs will further constrain the DE EoS and the cosmological parameters.
Source: The Astrophysical Journal
Authors: Yi-Ying Wang, Shi-Jie Gao, Yi-Zhong Fan
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,499
OpenAlex ID: W4407832670