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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JM113 alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction induced by deoxynivalenol in the jejunum of broiler chickens

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Mitochondria are primary targets of deoxynivalenol ( DON ), which play a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal health. It has been suggested that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JM113 ( L . plantarum JM113 ) exhibits protective effects against the enterotoxicity of DON in broilers. However, the changes in mitochondrial homeostasis during this process remain unclear. A total of 144 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to 3 groups, including the CON group (fed a basal diet and gavaged with 0.5 mL PBS), the DON group (supplemented with 5 mg/kg DON based on the CON group) and the DJ group (fed a basal diet challenged with 5 mg/kg DON and gavaged with 1 × 10 9 CFU L . plantarum JM113). The results showed that deoxynivalenol damaged mitochondrial morphology in the jejunum, characterized by swelling, vacuolation and cristae disruption, while L . plantarum JM113 reversed these alterations. Furthermore, the DON treatment significantly decreased total antioxidant capacity ( T-AOC ) in the jejunum compared with the CON group at both 7-day-old and 21-day-old, and T-AOC of the jejunum and jejunal mitochondria in the DJ group were notably increased at 21-day-old ( P < 0.05). Compared to the DON group, the DJ group showed significantly upregulated expression of Mfn1, Mfn2 , and Opa1 involved in mitochondrial fusion, and significantly downregulated expression of Drp1 and Fis1 mediated mitochondrial fission at 21-day-old ( P < 0.05). Dietary DON exposure also induced inhibition of genes linked to mitochondrial biogenesis at 21-day-old, such as NRF1, NRF2, TFAM and PGC-1α , while L . plantarum JM113 reversed this state ( P < 0.05). Additionally, oral administration of L . plantarum JM113 significantly inhibited the overactivation of mitophagy related genes and proteins in the jejunum caused by DON ( P < 0.05). Moreover, L . plantarum JM113 alleviated jejunal apoptosis in broilers exposed to DON, manifested by a significant decrease in mRNA and protein expression of Bax and CASP3 ( P < 0.05). In summary, L . plantarum JM113 alleviated oxidative stress induced by DON, improved mitochondrial homeostasis, and ultimately prevented the occurrence of apoptosis.

Source: Poultry Science

DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.104948