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Quantitative levels of interferon gamma as a biomarker in the aqueous and serum samples of infectious and noninfectious uveitis patients

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: To study the utility of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) as a differentiating biomarker by assessing the aqueous humour and serum of patients with infectious and noninfectious uveitis. METHODS: A total of 40 patients with acute uveitis were divided into 2 groups (18 patients with infectious uveitis and 22 patients with noninfectious uveitis). All the subjects underwent a full ophthalmological examination. Aqueous humour (AqH) and serum samples were collected from uveitis patients. The quantitative levels of IFN-γ in aqueous medium and serum were measured by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The quantitative level of IFN-γ in the aqueous humour was significantly greater (87.5 ± 81) (pg/ml) in infectious uveitis patients than in noninfectious uveitis patients (37.3 ± 9.9) (pg/ml) (p value = 0.006). However, the serum IFN-γ level (pg/ml) did not significantly differ between these groups (p value = 0.279). Thus, the IFN-γ level in the aqueous humour can be used to discriminate between infectious and noninfectious uveitis with 33.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSION: Aqueous IFN-γ can be used as a biomarker for differentiating between infectious and noninfectious uveitis.

Source: Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection

DOI: 10.1186/s12348-025-00461-1