Work

Cadmium removal from aqueous solutions using olive stone activated carbon

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Activated Carbon (AC) was made from olive stone (OS), which is the basic material in olive industry wastes, by chemical treatment using phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 at 80 % concentration, then a heat treatment at 500 °C for two hours. Olive stone activated carbon (OSAC) was used as an adsorbent to remove Cadmium from aqueous solutions. The morphological and functional groups of the OSAC were determined by SEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis. The optimal conditions for the removal process were studied, and the results showed that the conditions required to reach the highest removal capacity are as follows: contact time of 180 min, particle size of ds ≤ 100 μm, solution pH of 6–7 and OSAC concentration of 0.1 g per 25 mL. The results showed that the adsorption in this study follows the Freundlich model with the correlation coefficient (R 2 = 0.9943) with maximum removal efficiency (91.6 %), which indicates that the adsorption is competitive and the effective sites are not equal in adsorption capacity.

Source: Results in Chemistry

DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102137

Authors: Karam Haddad, Mohammad Ghafer, Hana Salman, Hossam El-Rakkad

Institution: Latakia University

Language: English

Topic: Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal

Subfield: Water Science and Technology

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Responsible consumption and production, Clean water and sanitation

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,870