Both optical and rheological properties contribute to viscosity judgements when comparing real liquids using vision and touch
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Does the opacity of a liquid, or the way it reflects light, affect how viscous it appears? Would the perceived viscosity change if we touch the liquid? Viscosity of a material, or how it flows, produces a rich stimulus that reflects the material's rheological properties, which can be independently inferred by touch or vision, or by combining modalities. In addition, the material's optical properties convey other cues not dependent on rheology, such as colour or transparency. How these multisensory cues form stable percepts of viscosity that drive behaviour remains unknown. To shed light on this mapping, we conducted a series of psychophysical experiments in which observers compared the thickness of real liquids. First, we show that perceptual discrimination tends to scale in proportion to stimulus viscosity. Next, we show that optical properties such as transparency and opacity, although not related to viscosity, influence visual judgments of thickness. This bias, driven by appearance, is reduced when observers combine visual and haptic information. Combining information across visual and haptic senses improves discrimination only over a limited viscosity range.
Source: Royal Society Open Science
DOI: 10.1098/rsos.241170
Authors: Jeffrey Martin, Matjaž Jogan
Institutions: Johnson & Johnson (United States), University of Pennsylvania
Language: English
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,471
OpenAlex ID: W4407929287