Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: : The theory of rationality and the view of life are two integral aspects of Zhu Xi’s philosophy, encompassing both cosmology and the concept of life. Zhu Xi identified the concept of “conscience” (心), which embodies the essence of both the “theory of ‘Li’“ (理本论) and the “theory of ‘Sheng’“ (生本论), as a fundamental linkage connecting three logically progressive propositions: “Heaven and Earth regard life generation as their conscience,” “‘Ren’ (仁, benevolence) is the conscience of Heaven and Earth in generating life,” and “Holding the conscience of Heaven and Earth.” The process of life generation by Heaven and Earth inherently possesses the attribute of supreme goodness, expressed as “Sheng Sheng” (生生, producing and reproducing life). This process gains further significance through the value ascribed to “Sheng Sheng,” which is realized in the human world as the benevolence (‘Ren’) exhibited by humans toward all things. Furthermore, the original benevolence inherent in Heaven and Earth’s act of producing and reproducing life can be discerned through human contemplation and reflection. By embracing the conscience of Heaven and Earth, humans facilitate the return of the value inherent in “Sheng Sheng.” The profound meaning of “the oneness of Heaven and man” and “manifesting heavenly virtues in humanity,” central to Confucianism as represented by Zhu Xi, unites the essence of life with ethical values. This synthesis bridges the connection between the universe and life, establishing a significant precursor to the philosophy of life in China.
Author: Chongming Zhang
Institution: Nankai University
Language: English
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4408173850