Work

Nasopharyngeal Colonization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Isolates in Children and Young Adults with Acute, Protracted, and Chronic Cough: A Cross-Sectional Bulgarian Study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Since the nasopharynx serves as an ecological niche for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Corynebacterium spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, etc., colonization is influenced by antimicrobial treatments, host immune responses, viral infections, and vaccines, often leading to local and systemic infections. We aimed to investigate the patterns of nasopharyngeal colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates in Bulgarian individuals under 20 years of age presenting with acute, protracted, and chronic cough. We analyzed 1383 samples using conventional culture methods, MALDI-TOF MS, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and genetic analyses for Bordetella pertussis and Mycoplasma spp. Among 896 isolates, H. influenzae was the most prevalent (26.23%), followed by M. catarrhalis (23.55%), S. pneumoniae (22.54%), and S. pyogenes causing 7.59% of infections. In children (0–10 years), M. catarrhalis (198 isolates) and H. influenzae (142 isolates) were the most common pathogens, followed by S. pneumoniae (73 isolates), while in those aged 10–20 years, S. pneumoniae was the most common isolate (129), followed by H. influenzae (93) and M. pneumoniae (21). Colonization in children and young adults serves as a reservoir for pathogen transmission to adults, highlighting its significant public health implications. Monitoring bacterial colonization and resistance patterns remains essential to inform targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

Source: Acta Microbiologica Hellenica

DOI: 10.3390/amh70010010

Authors: Tsvetelina Velikova, Hassan Ali, Latchezar Tomov, Tzvetan Velinov, Snezhina Lazova

Institutions: Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Government College University, Faisalabad, New Bulgarian University, Prof. Assen Zlatarov University, Medical University of Sofia

Language: English

Topic: Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections

Subfield: Epidemiology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,448