Work

Economic and Public Health Impacts of Transportation-Driven Air Pollution in South Asia

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: South Asia, a rapidly urbanizing and industrializing region, faces critical air quality challenges, with transportation emissions becoming a major source of urban pollution. These emissions contribute significantly to public health issues, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, while imposing substantial economic burdens on affected populations. This study aims to examine regional trends, evaluate the economic impact of transportation-driven air pollution, and offer actionable insights for policy development. Using a narrative review approach, the study synthesizes evidence on air quality, transportation emissions, and public health in major South Asian cities. Key findings reveal that in Sri Lanka, transportation emissions, driven by traffic congestion and industrial activity, worsen respiratory conditions, especially in Colombo. In India, cities like Delhi suffer from severe health risks linked to pollution from the growing transportation sector. Pakistan’s expanding transportation sector increases energy consumption and emissions, particularly in Lahore, which experiences significant health impacts. In Bangladesh, Dhaka faces intense pollution due to urbanization and vehicle growth, while Kathmandu in Nepal struggles with diesel vehicle emissions. The economic burden of transportation-driven air pollution is considerable, with rising healthcare costs and productivity losses in major cities. The study recommends cleaner transportation technologies, enhanced public transit, and regional cooperation to address pollution, urging a comprehensive approach to urban planning and sustainable transport infrastructure for improved air quality and economic resilience in South Asia’s cities.

Source: Sustainability

DOI: 10.3390/su17052306

Authors: Saman Janaranjana Herath Bandara, Nisanshani Thilakarathne

Institutions: West Virginia State University, University of Peradeniya

Language: English

Topic: Air Quality and Health Impacts

Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Sustainable cities and communities, Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896