Pediatric Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis as a Rare Vascular Disorder in Toddler: A First Case Report in Cambodia
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Case Report
Abstract: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in children is a rare vascular disorder that presents with nonspecific symptoms, leading to a delay in diagnosis and treatment. The estimated annual incidence is up to 7 cases per million among children. To our knowledge, no case has been previously reported in Cambodia; therefore, we report our first case to share with our colleagues. A 2-year-old boy of Cambodian origin presented with a fever for two days, three episodes of partial seizures involving the right hand, tonic and jerking without vomiting. Past medical history was not remarkable. On physical examination, a non-toxic appearance and full alertness with normal neurologic examination were observed with low-grade fever of 38ºC. Initial blood analyses showed a high level of D-dimer to 1735 mg/L, a hemoglobin level of 11.1 g/dL, and an increased platelet count of 737 x109/L, white blood cell count of 20×10⁹/L, neutrophils of 12 x109/L and lymphocytes of 6 x109/L. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and International normalized ratio (INR) were 41.4, 11 seconds, and 0.84, respectively. Cerebral computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast shows a 5 mm CVST. This toddler was treated with oral Warfarin (direct oral anticoagulant), and the progression over the past 6-month monitoring showed normal neurological development and normal milestones for age, whereas laboratory profiles showed varying levels of D-dimer. This case gives insight into one of the many presentations in hopes of early detection and a good outcome.
Source: medtigo Journal of Medicine
Authors: Soey Chin, Chean Sophâl, Robyn Devenish
Language: English
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4408271073