Darcy number effects on natural convection around a porous cylinder in L-shaped enclosure using Lattice Boltzmann method
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study numerically evaluates fluid flow and natural convection heat transfer of a porous square cylinder in an L-shaped enclosure using the Lattice Boltzmann method. Three layouts along vertical and horizontal centrelines are explored, investigating the effects of Rayleigh number (Ra) (10 3 ≤ Ra ≤ 10 6 ), Darcy number (Da) (10 −6 ≤ Da ≤ 10 −2 ), and cylinder size. Results show that increasing Rayleigh numbers enhances heat transfer, with higher Mean Nusselt number (Nu Mean ) values observed. Doubling the cylinder’s width at Da = 10 −6 increases Nu Mean by 46.5%, and tripling the width results in a 118% enhancement. Higher Rayleigh values enhance buoyant forces’ intensity, improving heat transfer; for example, at Ra = 10 5 and Da = 10 –2 , there is a 42% increase in Nu mean for a cylinder with a 0.6 L side length compared to Ra = 10 3 . Optimal cylinder orientation significantly maximizes convective heat transfer, especially at high Rayleigh and Darcy numbers. This study provides valuable insight for optimizing the orientation of electronic blocks in compact L-shaped enclosures for better thermal management.
Source: Scientific Reports
Language: English
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,690
OpenAlex ID: W4408323840